Priortothedevelopmentofthefirstlasersinthe1960s,opticalcoherencewasnotasubjectwithwhichmanyscientistshadmuchacquaintance,eventhoughearlycontributionstothefieldweremadebyseveraldistinguishedphysicists,includingMaxyouLane,ErwinSchrodingerandFritsZernike.However,thesituationchangedonceitwasrealizedthattheremarkablepropertiesoflaserlightdependedonitscoherence.AnearlierdevelopmentthatalsotriggeredinterestinopticalcoherencewasaseriesofimportantexperimentsbyHanburyBrownandTwissinteh1950s,showingthat,correlationsbetweenthefluctuationsofmutuallycoherentbeamsofthermallightcouldbemeasuredbyphotoelectriccorrelationandtwo-photoncoincidencecountingexperiments.Theinterpretationoftheseexperimentswas,however,surroundedbycontroversy,whichemphasizedtheneedforunderstandingthecoherencepropertiesoflightandtheireffectontheinteractionbetweenlightandmatter.
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